The first day of March has often marked decisions and discoveries that went on to influence politics, global security and science. From Cold War tensions to environmental milestones, March 1 carries events that shaped public debate and international history. Here is a fact-checked look at five significant moments linked to this date.
Articles of Confederation come into effect (1781)
On March 1, 1781, the Articles of Confederation went into effect as Maryland ratified the Articles of Confederation. This marked the creation of a confederation of the United States, which would remain the governing framework of the United States until the Constitution went into effect in 1789.
Yellowstone becomes first US national park (1872)
On March 1, 1872, President Ulysses S. Grant signed a bill into law that would create the United States' first national park, the Yellowstone National Park.
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US conducts Bikini Atoll hydrogen bomb test (1954)
On March 1, 1954, the United States tested its thermonuclear device, dubbed Castle Bravo, at the Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands, which would go beyond the expected yield, causing radioactive fallout among the local population.
Peace Corps established (1961)
On March 1, 1961, US President John F. Kennedy signed an executive order creating the Peace Corps. The programme sent American volunteers abroad to assist with education, health and development projects.
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Bosnia and Herzegovina declares independence (1992)
Following a referendum, Bosnia and Herzegovina declared independence from Yugoslavia on March 1, 1992. The move was followed by conflict in the region, marking the beginning of the Bosnian War.
