Madhya Pradesh has India’s largest leopard population, according to the 'Status of Leopards in India 2022' report released in February 2024. However, it recorded 149 leopard deaths in 14 months from January 2025. According to reports by the Hindustan Times, the figure was obtained through a Right to Information (RTI) request filed by activist Ajay Dube.
The data highlights road accidents as the leading cause of death, accounting for nearly one-third of all fatalities. Of these, 19 leopards were killed on highways alone.
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As per the report of the Hindustan Times, the state had 3,907 leopards in 2022, up from 3,421 in 2018. Recent death data has increased concerns because of the rise. Wildlife experts question if enough protection is in place.
Breakdown of causes
As per the report of the Hindustan Times, natural deaths from old age and disease made up 24 per cent of the total. Territorial fights between leopards caused another 21 per cent. Poaching and retaliatory killings together accounted for about 14 per cent. Eight leopards died due to electrocution, whether accidental or deliberate. Two were caught in snares. In around nine per cent of cases, the cause of death was not known.
Official response
According to the Hindustan Times, forest official L Krishnamoorthy said there is a plan to reduce leopard deaths. Steps include building animal crossings, putting up warning signs, and increasing patrolling. Officials also warned against placing water sources near roads, as they attract leopards to dangerous areas. An official said a 4 per cent loss is within limits, and up to 20 per cent yearly deaths are considered normal for wild cats.
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Ajay Dube disagreed and said the deaths show neglect. He further called for stricter rules and safe corridors. He added that leopards get less priority than tigers despite similar threats.
