Brain stroke usually occurs without any warning. It strikes suddenly and silently. Irreversible brain damage can occur within just a few minutes. This is why doctors consider the first four minutes after stroke symptoms appear to be extremely crucial. These few minutes determine the patient's fate.
According to specialists, immediate treatment is most urgent in case of a stroke. During this time, even a second's delay means a significant increase in the risk of damage.
Why does brain stroke occur?
A stroke can occur when blood circulation to the brain is obstructed for any reason. When blood vessels become blocked, and such an event occurs, it is known as an ischemic stroke. Stroke can also occur due to sudden bleeding in the brain, which is called a hemorrhagic stroke. The brain cannot survive even a moment without oxygen. When blood circulation stops, oxygen supply is cut off. As a result, everything from movement to cognitive ability is severely affected.
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Why are the first four minutes so important?
During a stroke, millions of brain cells are destroyed every minute. However, if correct decisions and quick steps are taken in the first four minutes, the extent of damage can be significantly reduced. This period is considered most crucial.
If swift measures are taken in the initial stage, the patient's chances of survival and opportunity for healthy recovery increase considerably. Therefore, not only hospitals but also public awareness are equally important.
How to recognize brain stroke?
The best way to recognize stroke is FAST.
FAST means:
F – Face drooping: One side of the face may become crooked. When trying to smile, one side droops.
A – Arm weakness: Difficulty raising arms or one side of the body becomes weak.
S – Speech difficulty: Speech becomes slurred, unable to speak clearly.
T – Time to act: Without delaying a moment, the patient must be taken to the nearest hospital.
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What to do in the first four minutes?
If stroke is suspected, do not give food, water or any medicine. If wearing tight clothing, unbutton the shirt. Keep track of when the symptoms started. Do not let the patient sleep. Try to keep them alert. Take them quickly to the nearest hospital.
Brain stroke treatment
CT or MRI is done to understand the type of stroke. In ischemic stroke, blood circulation can be restored through blood clot-dissolving medications or procedures like thrombectomy. The faster the treatment begins, the better the outcome. If rehabilitation starts quickly afterwards, the chances of recovering speech, movement and returning to normal life increase.
In case of stroke, the four-minute rule is not a theory, it's the most crucial 4 minutes. Therefore, by recognising symptoms and taking swift action, both life and future can be saved.
